Characteristics of countermovement pull-up A comparison of mechanical variables between countermovement pull-up and pure concentric pull-up in athletes
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Abstract
Recent research on pull-ups has introduced training methods using velocity-based approaches and the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). However, the mechanical properties of countermovement pull-ups (CMP), which utilize SSC in upper-body movement only, remain underexplored. In this study, we compared CMP and pure concentric pull-ups (PCP) in trained collegiate athletes to examine the characteristics of the upward phase during CMP. This study included 36 collegiate athletes (swimmers and throwers) capable of performing at least ten consecutive pull-ups. Using a linear position transducer, peak velocity (Vmax), mean velocity (MV), mean power (MP), and time to peak velocity (Time to Vmax) were measured for both CMP and PCP, performed with upper-body movement only. The results showed that CMP had significantly higher MV (p < .05, d = 0.351) and shorter Time to Vmax (p < .01, r = 0.762) than PCP. These findings suggest that even without lower-limb involvement, CMP can enhance movement speed through SSC utilization and that countermovement can reduce Time to Vmax. The study findings contribute to understanding the role of SSC in upper-body training and offer practical insights for designing more effective pull-up training programs.
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