Characteristics of body movements and ground reaction forces during the follow-through phase in baseball
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Abstract
In baseball, batters run to first base after hitting the ball, meaning the batting motion following impact may transition into running motion. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of ground reaction forces (GRF) and body movements related to base running by comparing batting and running conditions (BRC) with batting-only conditions (BC) during the follow-through phase (FT phase). Thirteen right-handed male university baseball players participated. Using motion capture and force plates, the players batted at inside, middle, and outside pitch locations under both conditions. During the FT phase, BRC showed a decrease in GRF on the stride side and an increase in GRF on the axis side compared to BC. Shoulder and hip rotation angles and angular velocities were significantly lower in BRC. Furthermore, whole-body centre of gravity displacement was significantly higher in BRC for pitches on the middle and outside corners. These results suggest that the FT phase contributes not only to the completion of the swing but also to the initiation of base running.
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