Effect of hurdle height on neuromuscular activity during bilateral jumps in female athletes and physical education students
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the neuromuscular performance of hurdle jumps at different obstacle heights in women to identify the hurdle height eliciting the highest neuromuscular demands. Participants included two groups of regional-level athletes, field hockey players (HOC) and track and field athletes (TAF), and a group of physical education students (PE). Assessments consisted of the countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJA) and hurdle jumps at 60%, 80%, and 100% of CMJA height performed on a force platform. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the medial gastrocnemius (GM) and tibialis anterior (TA) was recorded, and force variables were analyzed. Rate of force development (RFD) and vertical stiffness (Kvert) were calculated. Results indicated that RFD was significantly greater at 100% of CMJA height, regardless of the group analyzed. EMG activity of the GM was also higher at 100% CMJA height, while no significant differences were observed for the TA. Kvert was not sensitive to hurdle height. In conclusion, 100% of CMJA height is the hurdle height eliciting the greatest neuromuscular and force–time demands in women, independent of sport background.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Arampatzis, A., De Monte, G., Karamanidis, K., Morey-Klapsing, G., Stafilidis, S., & Brüggemann, G. P. (2006). Influence of the muscle-tendon unit's mechanical and morphological properties on running economy. Journal of Experimental Biology, 209(17), 3345-3357. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02340
Arampatzis, A., Schade, F., Walsh, M., & Brüggemann, G. P. (2001). Influence of leg stiffness and its effect on myodynamic jumping performance. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 11(5), 355-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-6411(01)00009-8
Cappa, D. F., & Behm, D. G. (2011). Training specificity of hurdle vs. countermovement jump training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(10), 2715-2720. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318208d43c
Cappa, D. F., & Behm, D. G. (2013). Neuromuscular characteristics of drop and hurdle jumps with different types of landings. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3011-3020. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828c28b3
Farley, C. T., Blickhan, R., Saito, J., & Taylor, C. R. (1991). Hopping frequency in humans: A test of how springs set stride frequency in bouncing gaits. Journal of Applied Physiology, 71(6), 2127-2132. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.6.2127
Farley, C. T., & Morgenroth, D. C. (1999). Leg stiffness primarily depends on ankle stiffness during human hopping. Journal of Biomechanics, 32(3), 267-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00170-5
Healy, R., Bolger, R., Kenny, I. C., & Harrison, A. J. (2020). Kinematic Differences Between Sprinting and the Hurdle Jump Exercise - a Preliminary Analysis. 38th International Society of Biomechanics in Sport Conference, 520-523.
Healy, R., Kenny, I. C., & Harrison, A. J. (2021). Resistance training practices of sprint coaches. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(7), 1939-1948. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002992
Heick, J. D., Talkington, M., & Jain, T. (2020). Electromyographic Analysis of Gluteal Recruitment: an Exploration of Activation During Jumping Tasks. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 15(6), 1019-1028. https://doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20201019
Janikov, M. T., Pádecký, J., Doguet, V., & Tufano, J. J. (2023). Countermovement, Hurdle, and Box Jumps: Data-Driven Exercise Selection. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk8020061
Jensen, R. L., & Ebben, W. P. (2007). Quantifying plyometric intensity via rate of force development, knee joint, and ground reaction forces. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(3), 763-767. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-18735.1
Koefoed, N., Dam, S., & Kersting, U. G. (2022). Effect of Box Height on Box Jump Performance in Elite Female Handball Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(2), 508-512. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003481
Kossow, A. J., & Ebben, W. P. (2018). Kinetic analysis of horizontal plyometric exercise intensity. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(5), 1222-1229. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002096
Kuitunen, S., Komi, P. V., & Kyröläinen, H. (2002). Knee and ankle joint stiffness in sprint running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34(1), 166-173. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200201000-00025
Loturco, I., Pereira, L. A., Freitas, T. T., Moura, T. B. M. A., Mercer, V. P., Fernandes, V., Moura, N. S. A., Moura, N. A., Zajac, A. A., & Bishop, C. (2023). Plyometric Training Practices of Brazilian Olympic Sprint and Jump Coaches: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Their Choices and Insights. Journal of Human Kinetics, 88(July), 131-150. https://doi.org/10.5114/jhk/169167
Maloney, S. J., & Fletcher, I. M. (2021). Lower limb stiffness testing in athletic performance: a critical review. Sports Biomechanics, 20(1), 109-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2018.1460395
Mc Mahon, Thomas, Cheng, G. (1990). The Mechanics of Running: How does Stiffness Couple With Speed? In J Biomechanics (Vol. 23, pp. 65-78). https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(90)90042-2
Newton, Robert U. ; McEvoy, K. P. (1994). Baseball Throwing Velocity: A Comparison of Medicine Ball Training and Weight Training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 8(3), 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287(1994)008<0198:BTVACO>2.3.CO;2
Perttunen, J., Kyröläinen, H., Komi, P. V., & Heinonen, A. (2000). Biomechanical loading in the triple jump. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(5), 363-370. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404100402421
Sayers, S. P., Harackiewicz, D. V., Harman, E. A., Frykman, P. N., & Rosenstein, M. T. (1999). Cross-validation of three jump power equations. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(4), 572-577. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199904000-00013
Schmidtbleicher, D. (1992). Training for power event. In: Komi PV (ed) Strength and power in sport. Blackwell Scientific, London, pp 381-395. Retrieved from: The School Review.
Wilson, G. J., Elliott, B. C., & Wood, G. A. (1991). The effect on performance of imposing a delay during a stretch-shorten cycle movement. In Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise (Vol. 23, Issue 3, pp. 364-370). https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199103000-00016
World Medical Asociation. (2013). Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM - Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos. World Medical Association, Inc, 81(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053