The relationship between the special judo fitness test and field testing
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Judo, an Olympic sport, uses the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) to predict an athlete's competition readiness. However, the SJFT's high anaerobic technical demands may increase pre-competition injury risk. Purpose: To identify field tests that could predict performance on the SJFT, providing alternative ways to evaluate an athlete’s performance readiness. Methods: Ten judo athletes (age: 33.8±8.3 years; height: 171.5±3.7 cm; weight: 79.5±9.7 kg) performed eight field tests, including pro-agility, six-meter timed hop, modified handgrip strength, maximum push-ups, modified Gi flexed-arm hang, upper quarter Y-balance, maximum sit-ups, and 300-yard shuttle run tests. Pearson correlations and backward stepwise regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the field tests and the SJFT score and index, p = .05. Results: The SJFT score was associated with the pro-agility (r = -.70) and the six-meter hop (r = -.73) and the SJFT index was associated with the pro-agility (r = .73) and the 300-yard shuttle run (r = .73), p < .05. A backward stepwise regression showed that the six-meter hop predicted the SJFT score, R² = .52, p = .018, while the 300-yard shuttle run predicted the SJFT index, R² = .53, p = .017. Conclusion: The six-meter hop and 300-yard shuttle tests can serve as measures for identifying an athlete’s readiness for SJFT performance or, alternatively, their preparedness for competition.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Altman, N., & Krzywinski, M. (2015). Points of significance: Association, correlation and causation. Nat. Methods, 12(10), 885-887. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3587 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3587
Arazi, H., Noori, M., & Izadi, M. (2017). Correlation of anthropometric and bio-motor attributes with Special Judo Fitness Test in senior male judokas. Ido Mov. Cult. J. Martial Arts Anthropol., 17(4), 19-24.
Castarlenas, J. L., & Planas, A. (1997). Study of the temporal structure of judo combat. J. Phys. Educ. Sports, 47, 32-39.
Ceylan, B., Šimenko, J., & Balcı, Ş. S. (2022). Which performance tests best define the Special Judo Fitness Test classification in elite judo athletes? J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol., 7(4), 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040101
Detanico, D., Dal Pupo, J., Franchini, E., & dos Santos, S. G. (2012). Relationship of aerobic and neuromuscular indexes with specific actions in judo. Sci. Sports, 27(1), 16-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2011.06.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2011.01.010
Drid, P., Trivić, T., & Tabakov, S. (2012). Special judo fitness test-a review. Serb. J. Sports Sci., 6(4), 185-190.
Evans, W. J., & Lambert, C. P. (2007). Physiological basis of fatigue. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil, 86(1), S29-S46. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31802ba53c DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31802ba53c
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2020). GPower for Windows (Version 3.1.9.7) [Computer software].
Furler, J., Magin, P., Pirotta, M., & van Driel, M. (2012). Participant demographics reported in "Table 1" of randomised controlled trials: A case of "inverse evidence"? Int. J. Equity Health, 11, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-11-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-11-14
Franchini, E., de Moraes Bertuzzi, R. C., Takito, M. Y., & Kiss, M. A. P. D. (2009). Effects of recovery type after a judo match on blood lactate and performance in specific and non-specific judo tasks. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol, 107(4), 377-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1134-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1134-2
Franchini, E., Miarka, B., Matheus, L., & Del Vecchio, F. (2011). Endurance in judogi grip strength tests: Comparison between elite and non-elite judo players. Arch. Budo, 7(1), 1-4.
Franchini, E., Sterkowicz, S., Szmatlan-Gabrys, U., Gabrys, T., & Garnys, M. (2011). Energy system contributions to the Special Judo Fitness Test. Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform., 6(3), 334-343. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.3.334 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.3.334
Franchini, E., Takito, M. Y., Kiss, M. A. P. D., & Sterkowicz, S. (2005). Physical fitness and anthropometrical differences between elite and non-elite judo players. Biol. Sport, 22(4), 315-328.
Gardasevic, N., & Stankovic, N. (2019). The most frequently used judo techniques in accordance with current sport rules. Acta Kinesiol., 13(1), 87-92.
Hannan, E. L. (2008). Randomized clinical trials and observational studies: Guidelines for assessing respective strengths and limitations. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv., 1(3), 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2008.02.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2008.01.008
Hesari, A. F., Mirzaei, B., Ortakand, S. M., Rabienejad, A., & Nikolaïdis, P. T. (2014). Relationship between aerobic and anaerobic power, and Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) in elite Iranian male judokas. Apunts Med. Esport, 49(181), 25-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2013.07.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2013.07.005
IBM Corp. (2024). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 30.0) [Computer software].
Jones, C. M., Griffiths, P. C., & Mellalieu, S. D. (2017). Training load and fatigue marker associations with injury and illness: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Sports Med., 47, 943-974. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0619-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0619-5
International Judo Federation. (2023). Rules. Retrieved from [Accessed 2026, 06 March]: https://78884ca60822a34fb0e6-082b8fd5551e97bc65e327988b444396.ssl.cf3.rackcdn.com/up/2024/04/IJF_Sport_and_Organisation_Rul-1712049108.pdf
Kirk, R. E. (2009). Experimental design. In Sage Handbook of Quantitative Methods in Psychology (pp. 23-45). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020994.n2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857020994.n2
Knudson, D. V., & Lindsey, C. (2014). Type I and Type II errors in correlations of various sample sizes. Compr. Psychol, 3, 03-CP. https://doi.org/10.2466/03.CP.3.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/03.CP.3.1
Krstulović, S., Žuvela, F., & Katić, R. (2006). Biomotor systems in elite junior judoists. Coll. Antropol., 30(4), 845-851.
McArdle, W. D., Katch, F. I., & Katch, V. L. (2016). Essentials of exercise physiology (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
McGuigan, M. (2016). Principles of test selection and administration. In G. G. Haff & N. T. Triplett (Eds.), Essentials of strength training and conditioning (4th ed., pp. 249-258). Human Kinetics.
Meeusen, R., Duclos, M., Foster, C., Fry, A., Gleeson, M., Nieman, D., Raglin, J., Rietjens, G., Steinacker, J., & Urhausen, A. (2013). Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Eur. J. Sport Sci., 13(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.730061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.730061
Poizat, G., Sève, C., & Saury, J. (2013). Qualitative aspects in performance analysis. In J. L. Seifert, J. Komar, & P. Robineau (Eds.), Routledge handbook of sports performance analysis (pp. 309-320). Routledge.
Sertić, H., & Segedi, I. (2012). Structure of importance of techniques of throws in different age groups in men judo. J. Combat Sports Martial Arts, 3(1), 59-62. https://doi.org/10.5604/20815735.1047649 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/20815735.1047649
Sterkowicz, S., & Franchini, E. (1995). The Special Judo Fitness Test. Antropomotoryka, 12(13), 29-44.
Sterkowicz, S., & Franchini, E. (2001). Specific fitness of elite and novice judoists. J. Hum. Kinet., 6(1), 81-98.
Sterkowicz, S., Kiejda, I., & Błach, W. (1997). Characteristics of judo fighting methods in the Olympic Games 1988-1996. Training, 1(33), 27-43.
Thomas, S. G., Cox, M. H., LeGal, Y. M., Verde, T. J., & Smith, H. K. (1989). Physiological profiles of the Canadian National Judo Team. Can. J. Sport Sci., 14(3), 142-147.
Tomchuk, D. (2011). Companion guide to measurement and evaluation for kinesiology. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Van Malderen, K., Jacobs, C., Ramon, K., Zinzen, E., Deriemaeker, P., & Clarys, P. (2006). Time and technique analysis of a judo fight: A comparison between males and females. In Book of Abstracts of the 11th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (p. 101). Lausanne, Switzerland.
Westrick, R. B., Miller, J. M., Carow, S. D., & Gerber, J. P. (2012). Exploration of the Y-balance test for assessment of upper quarter closed kinetic chain performance. Int. J. Sports Phys. Ther.,7(2), 139-147.